On the basis of the Federal Constitution, the Confederation and the Cantons ensure quality assurance in the Swiss higher education area. To this end, they mandate the Swiss Accreditation Council to decide on the accreditation of Swiss higher education institutions – both for institutional accreditations and for programme acccreditations. The procedural rules and quality standards are laid down in the Higher Education Act (HEdA) and are aligned with the European Standards and Guidelines (ESG). The accreditation procedures are carried out by the Swiss Agency of Accreditation and Quality Assurance (AAQ) and by other recognized agencies. If the Accreditation Council takes a positive accreditation decision, it certifies that a higher education institution or a study programme meets the minimum requirements defined in the HEdA.